Branches of microbiology

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 Branches of microbiology - 


Branches of microbiology

Introduction -

Microbiology is a vast and intricate field of biological science that encompasses numerous diverse disciplines. It has been a key contributor to the advancement of human health and well-being. Microbiology encompasses the study of various aspects of microbes, ranging from their natural history to their interactions with humans and the environment, which includes ecology, genetics, metabolism, infection, disease, chemotherapy, immunology, engineering, industry, and agriculture.

In summary, microbiology is an essential and complex field that explores the world of microbes and their interactions with various aspects of life. 
The field of microbiology can be classified into two major categories: basic disciplines and applied Disciplines. 

1. Basic disciplines -

  1. Algology phycology :- It is the study of algae 
  2. Bacteriology :- It is the study of Bacteria and archaebacteria.
  3. Mycology :- It is the study of fungi, microscopic eukaryotic forms, higher forms and slime moulds. 
  4. Protozoology :- It is the study of protozoans.
  5. Virology :- It is the study of viruses and viral disease.
  6. Parasitology :- It is the study of parasitism and parasite that include pathogenic protozoa, helminth worm and some insects. 
  7. Microbial morphology :- It is the study of detailed structure of microorganisms.
  8. Microbial Ecology :- It is the study of interrelationships between microbes and environment. 
  9. Microbial systematics :- It is the study of classification, naming,and identification of Microorganisms and constructions of phylogenetic tree of life.
  10. Microbial physiology :- It is the study of metabolism of microbes at the cellular and molecular level. 
  11. Microbial biochemistry :- It is the study of discovery of microbial enzymes and the chemical reactions carried out by them.
  12. Molecular Microbiology :- It is the study of genome of microorganisms and construction of phylogenetic tree based on rRNA
  13. Microbial Genetics :- It is the study of heredity and variation in varieties.
  14. Molecular Biology :- It is the study of advanced study of genetic material and protein synthesis.

2. Applied Disciplines -

  1. Immunology :- It is the study of immune system that protects against infections and attempts to understand phenomena responsible for both acquired and innate immunity, in addition to study of antibody-antigen reactions in laboratory.
  2. Agriculture Microbiology :- The study of relationships of microbes and crops with an emphasis on control of plant disease and improvements of yields.
  3. Food Microbiology :- The study of interaction of Microorganisms and food in relation to food bioprocessing, food spoilage, food born diseases and their prevention.
  4. Dairy Microbiology :- The study of production and maintenance of quality control of dairy products.
  5. Industrial Microbiology :- The study of industrial uses of microbes in the production of alcoholic beverages, vitamins, amino acids, Enzymes, antibiotics and other drugs.
  6. Marine Microbiology :- The study of Microorganisms and and their activity concerning human and animal health in fresh, and marine water.
  7. Air Microbiology :- The study of role of aerospora in contamination and spoilage of food and dissemination of plant and animal diseases through air.
  8. Exomicrobiology :-The study of exploration for Microbial life in outer space.
  9. Diagnostic Microbiology :- The study of fundamental principles and techniques involved in the study of pathogenic organisms as well as their application in the diagnosis of infectious diseases.
  10. Biotechnology :- The study of scientific manipulation of living organisms, especially at the molecular level and genetic level to produce useful products.

Conclusion- 

In conclusion, microbiology is a vast field of  Microbiology that encompasses several branches. Each branch of microbiology has its unique characteristics, applications, and contributions . 











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